Bone Marrow Transplant is that process in which damaged or dead stem cells are replaced with the healthy stem cells within the body of the patient after the completion of chemotherapy and emission. Bone marrow is that spongy and fatty material which is found inside the bones containing three categories of stem cells known as Red blood cells, white blood cells and platelets.
The function of stem cells in bone marrow is to go on dividing to make new cells into the body and they circulate continuously in the blood. Bone marrow transplant takes place when these cells stop to be built and some medicine for this cancer is inserted into the body.
It is the white blood cells which are affected at the first because their life span is very short and they fight against the bacteria in our body. In this process, healthy stem cells are entered in to the body through a tube known as central venous catheter. These stem cells are transplanted from the back of hip bones directly into the body of the patient from the donor's. Sometimes, these cells are first collected into a tube, white blood cells are inserted into recipient and red blood cells are returned into the donor's. The risk after this process is that the patient may suffer from headache, fever; drop in blood pressure etc.He may have anemia and cataract also.